Files, folders, labels. Files, folders, tags

Everything is processed by a computer. Information is stored on disks like folders with files. Have given given We understand the basic principle of robotics with disks, files and folders.

Termini, as required by the nobility

Disks - attachments, building up and collecting information. Submit on signs (floppy disks, CDs, DVDs) and ignorant ( hard drive).

Folders are logical containers for saving files. Folders can be inserted one into one, the folder itself viskogo rivnya in the іnrarchіchnіy sistemі zberіgannya are given to be root. The folder names are displayed one by one with the "\" character.

The file is the last set of data, which can be saved on a physical basis and very powerful and expanded.

Expansion of a file - a special designation, intended for a specific identification of the type of file object; the right-hander will be registered as a file and will be seen as a point.

Loan file - size of the file in units of information, the size, which is shown, as the loan file on disk.

File object - folder or file.

Bit - two types of information, information in one bit is available, for example, in the view of food, but it is allowed to deprive you of the option of displaying "So" or "Ni".

A byte is a machine unit of information, so you can store it in 8 bits.

The exchange buffer is a special area of the computer memory, in which the copied objects are located hourly.

Formatting a disk - outside of clearing instead of a disk, due to the knowledge of all information, so that it can be saved on a new one.

Briefly about disks, folders and files

The head office, with the help of a personal computer, is the information center. Information that can be stored in a computer is presented even more heterogeneously: texts of documents, babies, audio and video recordings, programs - all the information that might have been crumbled by your "personnel". Apparently, there are special annexes, built-up data, and also universal practical methods for all calculating machines.

In foreign terminology, such attachments are called disks, which go from the geometric form of information. The disks are accepted for a long time on the basis of that unknown - it is possible to use it from a computer and take care of it, other mounted on a PC design on a stationary basis, that can be installed without opening the case system unit unhappy. To know information about everything, floppy disks, CDs and DVDs - attachments for reading and recording such disks are the most widespread. Unimportant information presented in architecture modern computers a class of attachments, which are called hard disks, or winchesters - the terms of the first hard disks due to the fact that the diameter of the head of the first hard disks is readable, being taken from the caliber of the same American gwint.

Skin disc at operating system Microsoft Windows I’m vlasne іm'ya, like being stored іz the symbol of the Latin alphabet and two-colored. Disk drives will automatically be assigned names A: and B:, if there is only one drive before the computer connects, win, more for everything, matim A :, im B: the system will not be interrupted. The first hard drive is set to C :, the names of all hard drives follow him for abetka. I nareshty, im'ya drive for reading CDs or DVDs will be mother's name, which is pointed after the alphabet for the last hard disk... For example, if your computer is equipped with three hard drives with the names C :, D: and E :, the disk drive will be mother I.

All disks accumulated are displayed in operations Windows systems for the help of special badges, zovnishniy viglyad, next to the icon for the order from them, call out the presence of the signatures, to avenge the disk and information about those to which type of disk should be laid.

For additional Windows pictograms, there is a disk drive.

In such a rank, the operating system means hard drives.

For the additional icon in the system, there is a drive for reading CDs and DVDs.

To look over the list of those connected to your system and disks, you need to click twice on the My computer icon, which is rooted on the workstation. Windows tables.

Information, as it can be recorded on any of the disks and read out from now, is stored in the so-called folders or directors. A folder in the Microsoft Windows operating system is used to name a special file object, which will play the role of a container for saving folders, or files and displayed on the screen for additional special pictograms, office folders. The leather folder is not very strong, as it can be folded from the symbols of the Russian or Latin alphabet. A part of the Windows names is assigned to folders automatically: for example, a folder, in which the operating system itself is saved, it is, as a rule, im'ya Windows, the folder for saving programs is called Program Files. The name of the folders, as you opened them on your own, can be considered a great rank. A leather folder can be hidden from a number of enclosed folders, be it from them there can also be from an embedded folder - such a rank is the structure of the collection of folders on a computer's disks. Included folders are called subfolders, subdirectories or subdirectories. When writing down the names of folders, one of them is displayed with a "\" symbol, so if, for example, you want to turn up to the Subfolder folder, which is inserted into the My Folders folder, yak, at your own hand, you will be taken in the middle of the My Documents folder, a row, I will explain know the qiu folder, if you see it like this: "My Documents \ My Folders \ Subfolder". Such a record is accepted by nazivaty im'yam folder or by way. Vlasne, shlakh and poklikalny explain to koristuvachev, which shlakh itself is guilty to go through the folders of the computer, so that the shukano director goes.

The folder of the upper rіvnya, as it is stored without the middle on any of the disks, I will call it the root folder. All other folders can be found at the same time. Korenev's folder is not a vile name, it’s simply known at the viglyadi of the stolen meth- "\", as the right-handed person is written down from the disk. Yaksho, for example, we need to say that the koristuvach is guilty of turning to the root folder of the D: drive, for a complete record of the next: D: \. As soon as we need a folder of My Documents, as we get into the root of the C: drive, write down the next rank: "C: \ My Documents".

Windows terminology has a special meaning in the view of the file. A file (in English file - lantsyuzhok) is the last set of dues, which can be taken on a physical basis and a powerful image and expanded. Expansion of the file is designated for unambiguous and definitive identification of the type of file object; the right-hander will be registered as a file and will be seen as a point. At the same type of file object, there is a functional characteristic to the file, with the help of an operating system, a set of programs, built-in data danish file... If we can see the butt abstract file README.TXT, then here it is to the file є the README row, and to the extensions - .TXT, as if I would like to order those that provide the file object to be added to the "text file" type and you can update from the list of any text editor, for example, the standard Notepad programs from the Windows installation kit.

As a matter of fact, to tired practice, it was accepted to carry out all the development of the files on the current day to a few of the older classes for familiarity with their functional stagnation. Until the first of these classes, the names of the files of the koristuvach are referred to as text documents, babies, web pages and other files of the computer, which are opened by the karystuvach computer for singing purposes or for consumption. For such files, it is possible to indicate a valid name, which, however, is based on the standard adopted in Windows. Expansion of files of a file, as a rule, is automatically assigned by їm programs, for the help of which files are opened, otherwise I will be presented with a file according to the type of skin-specific file information and the way of using this file. To another class, system files are introduced - tobto files that can be used by the operating system in the process of the robot. The name and extension of such files in advance of the availability of Windows distributors, and whether it be this kind of change, could potentially lead to the destruction of the system. The third class includes program files, which can be installed on your computer. software security... Хні names and extensions are recognized as distributors of all kinds of programs. As a matter of fact, files of objects are also accepted as classifiers for their types, according to the set of additional data, which can crumble the files, - zokrema, before the new types of files there should be texts, documents Microsoft Word, archives (files that can be used to create data), files that can be launched in an operating system in program mode, etc.

The name of files in the Microsoft Windows operating system can be written in addition to numbers, symbols of the Latin or national alphabet, the character "hyphen". It is allowed to write іmen yak at the upper, і at the lower register. Boundary to the increase in the number of the file with the errors of the probes, the extension cannot be set to 255 characters. Filenames are not guilty of revenge such symbols: \ /: *? "| ().

It is allowed (or not recommended) to pick up the symbols "probil", "pidkreslennya", "speck", "coma", "speck with a lump", "apostrophe", and also: ^! @ # $% & ~. Oscillations and symbols є for systems and services and Windows are interpreted in a special rank, it should not be used without extreme necessity. Like the first character in the file є Prob_l, Windows іgo іgnoru.

Windows files are displayed behind the addition of special graphic images, which are called pictograms. The name of the icon is stored in the type of file object.

When the parallel is available between the system of saving files and folders from Windows and a large paper book, you can aim an offensive butt: you can pick up a number of books on your police books, as in a computer you can immediately manage a disk. A skin book is root, until it can be attached to a side, - a skin disk has a root folder, which is denoted by the symbol \, destroying all information on the disk. At the bottom of the head, I will name them appropriately, - at the root director, there will be folders, which may be the name of the master. Book growth can be a revenge from a bottom line or a lower level - folders can be inserted into folders. First of all, in the head of the book there is text and illustrations, as well as for the most obvious ones, - files are stored in the folders, including, for example, texts and graphics, which can be read in place for re-reading. Having forgotten the awkward analogy, you can brighten up the intelligence of the principle of obtaining information from modern computers.

So also obeyed the file?

Information, as if it’s physical substance, there’s a strong unit to vimir, which will allow assessment and evaluation. In this way, the loan file is a value that demonstrates how the loan file is transferred to disk. Having adjusted the value of the disk volume, you can, for example, learn how to fit the file onto a floppy disk, and how much disk space can be used, if you are aware of any file.

Oskіlki personal computer - electronic pristіy, win pratsyu with electrical signals. Say goodbye, you can say that the logical elements of a computer, how can you play the role of a "brain" in your architecture, for an hour you can change a deprivation in one of two stanіy stanіv: є strum, dumb strum. If it is cleverly to designate the camp "nemaє struma" with the number 0, and the camp "strum" - with the number 1, then we can do it, but the best way to process information for personal computerє The manifestation of any tributes from two systems of numbers, so that the one who is singing to the set is one and zero. In two forms, it is possible to "encrypt" whether a digit or a symbol, for example, the number 26, if translated into a two-digit number system, will be seen as 11010. One row of a two-digit number is accepted as a bit (as an English bit, a binary digit). Bit and is the smallest unit of information in a machine file. In such a rank, bit is the whole number of information, which can be found in one row of two numbers. Now we can say that more than two values of 10011010 can be stored in eight bits, some of them include all of the numbers stored in one and zeros.

The sequence of eight bits is called a byte. The byte itself is the largest living value in the computer industry, the odds are that it is meaningful more "informatsionnu umnist", nizh bit. Step by step for the value of one information - the whole cylobyte, which is 1024 bytes, or 8192 bytes. Why does 1024 itself, even mi zvikli, does the prefix kіlo mean zzwychay rіvno thousyou like odinits? Determination of the most primitive manifestation in the one who is going to get rid of the information dviykova system calculation. Surely, the number 1000 is not just a step in two and is “round” in dozens of numerical systems, in two systems it is not just “ugly” to appear, it’s not handy for working with mathematical operations. To that, the cyberneticians sent them to the victorious: for the grandparents of the information, not 1000, but 210, that is 1024. in kilobaths there are 1000 bytes; programs are written, for a kilometer - 1024 meters. "

All of the meanings that start with the information exchange are processed by the method of proportional increase of the values we already know from the statistics of the performance 210: megabytes to allocate 1024 bytes, or 220 bytes, etc. 230 megabytes - 1024 megabytes -

In order to change the volume of the disk, to the file or to the folder, click on the icon with the right mouse button and in the one that appears context menu Vibrate Power. It will appear on the screen, in which case the exact information about the vibrating object in kilobytes is indicated. However, for the sake of simplicity, robots on a computer will not use memory, but the storage diskette is 1440 KBytes (or 1440/1024 ~ 1.4 MBytes), a CD - 640 or 720 MBytes, the size of a hard disk is stored as yogo models.

Defend files and programs?

One of the main workshops, for which there is no need to get rid of koristuvach, who is working at a computer, is a lot of files and folders that are stored on disks. For these purposes, a special Provider program has been transferred to the Windows warehouse, so you can launch it by displaying the sequence of Start4All programs4 Standard4 Provider, or simply clicking the right mouse button on the Provider button in the context menu. The current view of the program is shown in Fig. 3.1.

Small. 3.1. Provider program

The working space of the Provider programs is divided into two main fields: on the left, a vertical panel is displayed, showing access to the tree-like structure of disks, files and folders, on the right one - instead of a vibrating disk and folders.

If you look over the place of a folder or a disk, just click on its image in the left field - the right one will have a list of folders and files, which will be stored in the folder. If, for example, you want to go to the folder of My documents, just click on the icon with the left button of Misha - instead of the whole folder, it will immediately appear in the main window of the Provider. Click on the designated drive or hard drive, bring you to the root folder of the vibrating disk.

Deyaki folders in the Provider's window are designated by the symbol "+" - this means that such a folder is to take revenge on the attachments of a folder. Click on the folder icon to display it: on the left window you can click the folders of the whole folder, and on the right - on the right side. You can also move between different objects of the file system, two clicking a mouse on the designated objects at the right window.

Additional options for navigating the file system and adding graphical buttons that can be removed in the Provider's toolbar.

The Back button will turn you to the folder, which will open without the middle before the flow.

By pressing the button Forward, you will be able to move to the folder, having pressed the button Back.

The Go button will move the program one step up at the computer's file system.

When you press the Push button, the program is moved to the mode of pushing files and folders.

The Folders button is used to display the tree-like structure of files and computer folders at the left window. As soon as the button is not pressed, the Provider's window displays information about the vibration file or a folder, and also a change of commands appears, as it is possible to display the information about the file.

The Viewer button allows you to change the names of the icons, which are displayed in the main working window of the Provider, for example, the changes are larger or larger.

In the address row of the central panel, you can type the required directions from the keyboard by pressing the Enter key or clicking on the Go button. The first option is to open the context menu to click the mouse on the right down the black arrow at the right side address row Viber the required disk from the list.

How can I know the file and I'll hand over the folder?

In order to know the file or the folder on the disks, open the Provider by clicking on the sequence of the Start commands4All programs4Standard4Providnik, or simply clicking the right mouse button on the Start button and vibrating the Provider item in the context menu. At the left of the program, you should know the disk icon, on which you save the required file or the folder, and click on the rosetted hand, from them the "+" symbols, to open the tree-like structure of the folders on the disk. Know the list will need a folder and click on a new target. If the folder is to reveal the attachments of the folders, click on the "+" symbol, rewrite the order from the icon "Batkivskoy" folder, then look over the list of the included folders. At any time, vibrate the clicked folder in the folder, in which the file is saved to make a joke. The right side of the Provider will appear instead of the vibrating folder, so that all folders and files are stored in them.

How to know the file chi folder automatically?

If you don’t remember how to call the file you need, or if you don’t know what kind of papa you can use, you can quickly wake up the Provider’s program by clicking on the files and folders by clicking on the command button. At any part of the Provider, there will be a special window for files and folders (Figure 3.2). Select Files and folders in the proprietary menu.

Small. 3.2. Automatic whisper files of folders

At the Poshuk menu, vibrate the disc, which will contain the required file. If you don’t know, on any disk itself there is a file, select the item Local disks. Yaksho vi shukєte text document For a Word document, it is important to send it to the file, if you do not know exactly what the word is in the text, enter it in the Word field or the phrase in the file. If you don’t remember the correctness, I’ll write down the word, or you can’t guess exactly the same phrase from the document, if the whole field is empty. In the field of Part and Name for the file or for the file, I will re-enter the name for the file. The Provider program will accept the mode of the mask joke, so that the service symbols will be sent to you? that *. For example, if you want to know the file with name and advanced extensions, you can enter the row name. * In the field, and if you want to know all files with .txt extensions, speed up with * .txt. In fact, the * symbol will replace the row with the help of the last symbol. So, if you try to get a joke to power up the glob *. *, The assistant will try to know all the files from the most advanced extensions that can be repaired on the glob, for example, globe.txt, global.map, etc.

Service badge? replace the row with a single symbol, but in the first place it will be more meaningful. For example, how do you enter file.?x? for fields of programs, for windows of results, files with the names file.exe and file.txt are displayed.

Schob rozpochati poshuk, click on buttons Know. If the message is complete, the Provider's right window will have all the known files and folders.

Explainable technology poshuku on the simplest butt. Supposedly, you want to know a document that you have previously made in the Word editor, but you don’t remember the document. Such files may be extended. Open a pop-up window, vibrate to the click of the mouse, the Shukati mode Files and folders, select the Local disks item in the Shukati menu, then enter the Local disks item in the Part field or enter the file * .doc and click the Know button. After a few seconds, at the right window, the programs will appear on the disks of your computer to document Word documents, and you can vibrate the middle of them.

Did you see a file?

In Windows operating systems, all operations with files and folders can be displayed if the file or the folder is visible. The icons of the video files and folders are displayed in blue color. If you see a folder or a file, click on the target icon in the Provider's window. Throw off the video, click the mouse on the file object, or at any point in the Provider's window.

How do you see the files?

Operations copying, moving or visible can be viewed not with one file, but with a number of files. All files and folders may be displayed. You can see a group of files or folders in one of the following ways:

Having drawn that utrimuyuchi liv button Misha, move the cursor over the working window with the Provider programs until that hour, when all the required objects are seen;

· When you see one of the objects in the working window of the Provider, click on the Shift key, for which you move the view area behind the additional keruvanna key with the cursor. With such a rank, you can see a large number of offensive objects of objects, repaired from the object, seen by the first;

· Pressing that key Ctrl, click the mouse on the icons quietly, as you want a video. In such a way, you can see whether there are a number of objects in a certain order. Repeatedly clicking the target on the visible object when pressing the Ctrl key will skip the image of the object. To scan the view of all the groups, let the Ctrl key and click the target at any point of the working window by the Provider program.

How to open a file from a program?

To open a file from a program designated for a robot with a file, from the provider's window, click the file icon with the mouse button.

How can I change the presentation of files and folders?

For some people, there are more signs of corystuvache, but sometimes more icons, navpaki, other icons are displayed at the provider's account. To change the presented icons, click the mouse on the button of the Viglyad, which is inserted in the toolbar in the programs, and to select one of the pro-proponated items from the list:

Eskizi stranok. In the whole mode of all files, the icons of that folder are displayed at the Provider's window at the “eskiziv” viewers, which are even more great images; graphic files are presented in the form of changed copies of malunks, so that they can be found in them.

Tile. In general, the Provider's window appears as pictograms of file objects, which I will name, the type of the file and its size.

Badges. Increase the mode of displaying the icons of file objects at the Provider's screen if they are not assigned names without any additional information.

List. This mode will secure the presentation of file objects in the view of the row list, so that the icon is displayed on the file, or the folder and name of the given object.

Table. The whole zagalom mode is even more similar to the front, but with one single view: the list of files is to show the characteristics. For promotions, the following parameters of file objects are displayed in the Provider's window: name, size, type of object, date of that hour of last modification.

Yak copy the file?

If you copy a file, or a folder to your folder, or to your disk, you need to select the following:

1. Klatsnit on the object, scho to move.

2. Press the Ctrl key.

3. Drag the object across the screen, "throwing" it over the images of the folder, in which it is necessary to change the object, and immediately release the Ctrl key.

You can also copy the files of the objects from the list of the possibilities of the buffer exchange - special areas of the computer's memory, in which the copied objects can be copied hourly. Click the right key of Misha on the object, which you want to change, and select the Copy item in the context menu. Then go to the folder, in which you want to place the object, how to transfer, click with the right key of Misha in the be-as-a-line from the icons of the part and vibrate in the Insert menu.

Yak change the file?

Changing that file object is transferred to the computer's disk, if the file is copied from the specified folder, or if you use it, the original will be worn out.

If you want to transfer a file or a folder, you just need to click on the object, so that you can change it, and if you want to change it, you can “pull” the object on the screen, “throwing” it over the images of the folder, in the same way. єct.

Relocation of objects for the additional help "overtightening" for promos for no more in between the local disks of the computer. When robots і from znіshnіmi accumulators, like - from a drive, CDs just, the object, how to drag, not be transferred to your folder, but copied in it.

The third way of transferring the file object for the buffer exchange for Windows. Click on the object, which you want to change, with the right key of Misha and select the Virizati item in the context menu. The icon of the seen object will be napivprozorim. Then go to the folder, in which you want to place the object, how to transfer, click with the right key of Misha in the be-as-a-line from the icons of the part and vibrate in the Insert menu.

Yak change the file?

Renaming the file or the folder in Windows can be visually changed have a good way... Otzhe, sposib first:

1. Viber the file or the folder that you need to change.

2. Klatsnit on the whole object of the target again after a non-trivial pause, in such a rank, it will appear without the signature of the icon.

Other ways:

1. Klatsnit with the right key of Misha on the object, which you can change.

2. In the context menu, select the Change item.

3. Introduce a new name for the object.

The new name can be set in both Latin and Cyrillic type, it can be up to 255 characters, or it is innocent to include the list earlier in the whole distribution of service symbols.

Yak file?

We are seen in Windows files and folders in front of a special buffer folder, called Koshik, who smells can be updated. Windows cat is displayed on the work table, as well as in the folder tree of the Provider programs, and you can move to one of two stations: Cat povniy - it means that in the new one you can still see if you are looking for something, and Cat is empty. The graphic representation of the Koshik jarlik in the cich two stanahs can also show off.

There are several ways to see a file or a folder in Koshik:

· Click on the object, so that you can see it, і, tweak it to the keyboard, “pull” the object on the screen, “throwing” it over the images of the cat in the windows of the Provider, or on the Windows desktop;

· Click on the object, you can see it with the right mouse button and in the menu, select the View item.

For all three types of messages, you will be able to confirm your message to the press of the button So at the system power supply window.

All your meaning will be moved to Koshik and may be renewed until that moment, if Koshik will not be purified. To clear the Cat, you need to click on the image with the right mouse button and in the menu, select the Clear Cat item. Clean up Koshik, slid memory, how to update files from Koshik, or folders using standard Windows methods, it won't be a problem.

How do you update an earlier file?

As soon as you have seen a file in Koshik, you will need a file from the robot, or a folder, you can update the object from the cat in that folder, if you want it. For Tsiogo:

1. Go to Koshik to click on Misha's click on the image of the Provider's working window or to click on the icon displayed on the Working table.

2. Vidіlіt ob'єkt, which is updated, clicked to the right of the key and click on the item Renewal ob'єkt at the menu. You can update all objects that are saved in the cat, you can click the mouse on the item Update all objects in the cat's tools menu.

How can I open a shortcut to a file?

Labels є launching elements of programs, or graphical icons of physically rooted disk partitions of file objects, as well as dynamic ones. To open the shortcut to the file, see the following:

1. Click the right mouse button on the pictogram of the file object and in the context menu, select Create shortcut.

2. Change the settings of the shortcut from the required folder on the disk.

How can I look over the file?

In order to look over the power of the file, such as this volume, quick change, type and name of the program, for the rest of which you can be seen, click on the file icon with the right key of the mouse and vibrate.

How can I open a folder?

In order to open new folder if you have a daddy on your computer's disk, you need to see the following message:

1. Go to a folder, de vie open a new folder or a file. It can be used as a root breaker of the disc.

2. Click with the right button of the Misha at any one of the icons in the points of the opened folder in the main working window of the provider.

3. In the menu, select the Create item.

4. At the menu that appears, select the Folder item.

In order for the folder to be opened, you need to enter її іm'ya from the keyboard. Іm'ya can be typed yak in Latin, і Cyrillic symbols.

Create a new file, or the folder can be deprived of the disk space available for recording, connected to the computer with information carriers. Create a folder or a file in such system areas, such as services folders My computer, Merezheve Otochennya, Koshyk, Printer and faxes.

Yak poachiti prikhovani files that folder?

Deyaki files are those folders that are stored on the disks of your computer, for the favors є prikhovannym, so that the stench of the Provider is not visible. Name the system files and services files and folders that can interfere with the availability of the computer. If you need to restore access to such files and folders, to complete such a sequence of operations.

Small. 3.3. Updating the display of saved files in and folders

1. Open the Provider program, displaying the sequence of Start4All programs4Standard4Providnik, or simply clicking the right mouse button on the Start button and vibrating the Provider item in the context menu.

2. Open the Service menu command, set up in the provider's command panel, and select the Power folder item.

3. At the Power folder, go to the Viglyad tab for clicking on the folder.

4. At the field Dodatkov_ parameters install the re-download Files and folders in place Show the files and folders in place (small 3.3).

5. Press the OK button.

Yak pratsyuvati with a floppy disk and a CD?

The disk drive for flexible disks of the 3.5-inch standard is used in Windows operating systems for additional special pictograms, which includes a clearer image of the disk drive and diskette. The drive for reading CDs or DVDs is displayed at the viewers of the pictograms from the images of the CD attachment itself, which are hung over it.

Access to the drive and the CD-ROM accessory can be viewed without system folder My Computer, as you can see the subordinate click of Misha on the same icon, which is located on the Windows work table, or if you select the item in the tree-like folder structure of the Provider programs. A robot with a diskette or a CD will work as it does with the same file objects, which will be stored on the local disks of a computer. Just copy the file to a floppy disk, just drag it with a target onto the diskette pictogram, so that it can be displayed to the provider or see my computer. To copy the file from the floppy disk to the hard disk, navigate to the root folder of the diskette by clicking on the second icon of Misha and drag the required file to tsilovu folder chi working steel.

When you work with a CD next to you, you can copy files and folders from a CD, or you can't move them or copy them to a CD. I will use a special program for recording CDs for recording the procedure.

How do I format a floppy disk?

When robotic floppy disks most often the need for a format is re-cleaning Together with the waste of all the tributes to be paid for. You need to format a floppy disk, you need to see the following:

1. Insert the correct formatted floppy disk into the floppy drive and change to the one that is stored on it, it will not be of value to you (for it will be copied on the other side).

2. Click on the image of the drive at the Provider's screen with the right mouse button and in the menu, select the Format option. The system will display on the screen Format: disk 3.5 (A :).

3. A menu Єmnіst vkazhіt єmnіst drive for promovchannyam proponuєtsya "standard" varіant - 1.44 MB.

4. If you want to change the formatting of the disc, to format it without changing the disc to the appearance of the old files, set the forerunner on the order from the point of Shvidke. Play victorious functions only as long as the disk has not been updated for a long time, and in vain, so it’s not to take revenge on other sectors.

5. If you want, your floppy disk has become enchanted, so that you can use your computer to protect your computer if you have a problem, and you can set up a warrantor. entangling disc MS-DOS.

6. For the order of all adjusting the disc, for formatting, click on the Start button.

Once the formatting of the disk is complete, Windows will start working.

All information on PC disks is stored as files. File - tse typed danih on disk, maє im'ya.

Yak files are saved with text programs, documents, tables, graphics, card indexes, little ones.

For the sake of the robots, the files are grouped up to folders.

What are the files and folders here?

Windows has special rules for creating file names.

Skin іm'ya file has a special supplement, which is called expansion. The extension of the file does not need to be displayed in the window of the folder (for this, it is necessary to install a special option, so that the mode of creation of the file is displayed). However, as the names of the files are displayed at once with the extensions, it will be necessary to respectful when renaming files.

The extension of the file name is not displayed at all.

Expansion of the name of the file is available.

Expanded to be written through the point of writing the "middleless" name to the file. Look at the type of information that you can save from the whole file.

With the help of the programs, with the help of which files can be opened, zazvychay, "your" files will be set to expand automatically. At the same time, a large number of programs allow the user to change the extension and to save the file for an hour by specifying the appropriate type for the file.

The most widely expanded operating system is "learn", as the program can

the file is displayed.

For the functional features of the development of file-programs, files of data and file-documents.

File programs- Vikonuvani files, which may be extended EXE, COM, BAT. Program files - main files software complexes , as in the process of their robots they operate with children Danih files.

Document files- files, like opening and breaking up koristuvach for help from children applied programs (additions) .

Folder addresses. Outside the file

Yak bulo is meant to be, for the efficiency of the robot, the files are grouped into folders. In the result, the skin disk of the computer is organized with a different folder structure, which is called " tree»Folders. Find the folder on the disk. koreneviy the folder is denoted by the "\" symbol. For example, for disk d: the root folder is like this: d: \

A fragment of the tree of all folders on the d: drive as follows:

In the structure of folders, the number of nested folders is one and one.

To insert the folder on the disk, write a new path to the folder. Shlyakh to the folder (folder addresses)- the end of the name of the folders, separated by the symbol \, can be repaired from the root or stream folder.

Povnyi shlach to the folder (folder addresses)- all the way from the root packs from the meanings of the disc, for example, d: \ Home \ H \ H2 \ B

Outside the file- the target file from the meaning of the main path to the same folder, the whole file is located.

Threaded (active) folder - that folder, which at a time is right at the same time, koristuvach or program.

Rіznovodi programs for pc

Computer programs I am the supremacy of the file-program and the files in the data, which allow you to view the specific data. The skin program realizes the numerical results of the elementary computer commands.

Among the computer programs, there are the following basic classes:

system programs, how to check out additional auxiliary functions, for example: managing computer resources, keeping copies of information, how to get started, revising the accessibility of computer add-ons, issuing and updating the operating system of computer information systems ;

applied programs (supplements), so that you can be sure to check the documents that are necessary for the robots (documents and electronic tables, bases danih, graphic images, video and sound);

instrumental software systems to lay down the process of installing new programs for a computer (for example, systems and programs, in which implementations of Object Pascal programs, Visual basic etc.).

All programs installed on a specific PC are displayed through the head of the menu: Start-all programs

To keep your mother in order on your computer, you need to save your files from the folders. I’ll say goodbye yak poshuk okremich files, and a robot with a group of files: relocation, copying, visualization. Such a principle of organizing vikoristovuyutsya at libraries, archives and offices.

Documents, which are systematized for foreign familiarity, are stored in one papacy (or catalosis). Folders are written. To go, the documents are not called in one compartment, but are placed in folders and you can easily find the necessary document.

For analogue z tsim computer files ob'єdnyuyut at the group, which we will open the folders. In such a rank, the designation of the folder of the field is in the combined files and in the folders to the groups for any parameter.

On the current day, there are three witnesses:

catalog,
director,
folder,

from the point of view of computer literacy, meaning those same, let's be more precise, that same.

The directories folder is a special place on the computer information carrier, in which there are names of files and views about files (size of files, hours the rest of the, the power of the files)

Understand the "catalog", "director" appeared in computer light at once with the understanders "file", "file system" for simplification of organizing files. Understanding the "folder" in the world of computers appeared meaningfully, more precisely, right after the appearance of Windows 95.

You can install a powerful system to save files and folders on your computer. For example, open folders, de files are grouped:

on the topic - folders "Navchalny programs", "Rakhunki", "Ribalka" just, on the name of the author of materials - folders "Mamontov", "Vorobyova" just. For an hour of opening - the folder "01.01-30.06. 2010" with files, opening from 1 day to 30 worms 2010, the folder "3 quarter 2010" is too small.

As soon as the file is saved from the fathers with the names, for example, 01, then it seems that the file is in the folder 01. The same idea can be displayed, as you say, the file of registrations in the catalog 01. Name one and the same file (so that with one and the same names) to be in the same father, or, if necessary, you can take notes in the decal you can easily create additional copying operations.

Yak name the folder?

Usi folders may be named. Vimogi to the names of the folders, yak and to. One view of the field is that, in the name of the extension folder, you don’t want to get stuck, if you want to, you can get it. In the case of skin dads, you can take files, і інші folders, that is, your own card, you can also take away files and folders.

Folders chimos shit matryoshka. About such folders, which are found in the middle of these folders, it seems that folder attachments... The folder, which includes іnshі folders, be called batkivskoi I’m going to hunt.

If the name of the folder is "+", it means that it is possible to see the folder in the folder. For more demand, click on "+" and change to "-", with the name of the folder, a list of folders will be displayed that can be found in the papa.

If you click on “-”, then it will be rewritten to “+”, and the list instead of the folder will be closed.

Folder structure

If you see the Provider (Start-> Programs-> Standard-> Provider), then bump there like a tree, slyly, without green leaves, so there’s a computer tree. On the right, in the one where I try to figure out the structure of all the folders, when I’m on my computer, then I’ll see a tree.

Such a structure of folders (catalogs) is called "tree-like" (or "tree-like").

Call koristuvachi call it simple folder tree.

Korenev folder. Folder attachments.

On the skin є head, abo Koreneva, folder (directory), as it is not a vile name and її means a ringing slash: \. For example, C: \ is the root folder of the C drive, de "C:" is the name of the drive itself, and "\" is the root folder.

The folders and files that are registered in the root of the papacy disk may be the contribution of the first rivny. In nested folders of the 1st level, the folders and files of the 2nd level are re-staged. The results still have a tree of folders and files.

Krim root folder of the disk, tek 1st, 2nd, etc. rіvnіv attachments є. Threaded folder- tse folder, with the present moment pratsyuє koristuvach.

If you know a file not from a stream folder, you need to enter a file in each folder (folders) in order to enter a file. For the analogue of the matryoshkas, the file is the newest matryoshka, inserted into the matrioshkas of a large size (folders). To add a file outside of the file (to name the best matrioshka), then name all the matrioshkas of a larger size (folders) one by one.

Also on the outside of the file

Outside of the file, it will be repaired from the name of the drive, then the sequence from the names of the folders that you named to the file.

a) deprive the files; c) files and folders;

b) deprive інші folders; d) Windows windows.

8. The folder in which all folders and files are stored, named:

a) basic; c) headache;

b) koreneviy; d) investments.

9.Im'ya C: maє:

a) floppy disk drive; c) Winchester;

b) CD-ROM drive; d) file.

10. Yakiy shlyakh from the root directory is stated correctly:

a) A: Now program the Field of Miracles pole. exe;

b) \ Navchalnі programs \ Field of miracles \ pole. exe;

c) А: Uchbovі programs Field of miracles;

d) A: Now program the Field of Miracles.

11. Installed outside the file C: \Doc| PROBA. TXT... Yake im'ya file?

a) PROBA; c) DOC PROBA. TXT;

b) PROBA. TXT; d) TXT.

Option 2.

Horizontal:

1. Software, hardware and information are used to listen to different views in one interactive middle.

2. Sound sound with amplitude and frequency, so that it changes without interruption.

3. The program, scho siskaє dan.

4. Symbolic information.

5. Mainly security software.

6. Standard supplement- text editor.

10. Usunennya fragmentation of files.

12. The program is specially written, the main purpose of which is to create a computer system.

Suggestions:

Horizontal:

1.multimedia; 2. sound; 3. archivator; 4. text; 5. systemically; 6. Notepad; 7.graphics; 8.Instalation.

F.І. __________________________________________ CLAS ________ Option 1

1. File system - tse:

a) system program;

B) nested file structure;

C) nested folder structure;

D) nested folder structure and files

2. The names of the files in the storage are correct:

A) "butt". doc;

b) butt. doc;

C) doc ?. butt;

D) butt: doc;

3. Add the extension to the "My portfolio" file. doc ":

a) non-small expansion;

b) portfolio. doc;

B) doc;

G). doc;

4. Insert the type to the Proba .html file:

A) texts;

B) graphic;

C) web-site;

D) vikonuvanny.

5. Folder - tse:

A) by ordering thematically linked files;

B) the disc area is named;

C) the program, how to translate the program language into machine code;

D) the program, how to serve for connecting attachments to the input / output.

6. The daddy can take care of:

A) deprive the files;

B) deprive інші folders;

C) files and folders;

D) Windows Windows;

7. The folder in which all folders and files are stored, named:

a) basic;

B) koreneviy;

B) headache;

d) investments.

8.Im'ya C: maє:

B) CD-ROM drive;

B) Winchester;

9. Yakiy shlyakh from the root directory is stated correctly:

A) A: \ Navchalnі programs \ Field of miracles \ pole .exe;

B) \ Scientific programs \ Field of miracles \ pole .exe;

C) A: \ Navchalnі programs \ Field of miracles \;

D) A: Now program the Field of Miracles.

10. Specified outside of the file C: \ DOC │PROBA .TXT. Yake іm'ya file?

A) PROBA;

B) PROBA.TXT;

B) doc \ PROBA.TXT;

D) TXT.

TEST WITH THEME "FILE SYSTEM"

F.І. __________________________________________ CLASS ________ Option 2

1. File - tse:

A) a unit of information;

B) program c operational memory;

B) text, overlays on the printer;

D) the program of chi dan on disk, that may be.

2. The names of the files in the storage are correct:

A) butt? .Doc;

B) butt: txt;

C) butt text.doc;

D) "butt". doc

3. Insert the file type s.exe.

a) texts;

B) graphic;

C) vikonuvanny;

4. Add the extension to the disk .dat file:

a) disk;

b) disk.dat;

B) dat;

d) not small.

5. File system zizvychay to represent yak tree, de "gilki" - tse directories (folders), and "leaf" - tse files. You can roztashovuvatisya at root catalosis, tobto. on the "trunk" of a tree?

A) files and folders;

B) deprive the folder;

C) deprive the files;

d) nothing.

6. For the file type vkaz:

a) expanding the file;

B) im'ya file;

B) go to the file;

d) name the file.

7. The folder, which is located in the middle of the folder, is called:

a) basic;

B) koreneviy;